Improved apparatus for distilling pine wood



UNITED v'STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

SETH L., COLE.v OF BURLINGTON, VERMONT.

IMPROVE!) APPARATUSFOR DISTILLING PINE WOOD, 86C.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 35.560, dated May 19, i363.

fla-all, whom 111i .vnayncen Be it known that I, SETH L. COLE, of Burlington, in the county of'Chittenden-and State of Vermont, have invented a new and useful apparatus for extracting the oil or spirits of turpentinc directly from woodrby rneaus of a furnace arranged and combined with a retort,r

'Y contrivance. The cover ofthe retort x is placed a gasreCciVer, refrigerators'atid condensers, a dlstllhng appi-u'atuaand a skeleton cylinder oriron basketin which the wood is placed for conveyance into the rctort,as represented and described in the ldrawings and specification hereto annexed.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation. i

I construct the several parts in proper proportion for combination with each other, of suitable material, as represented' in the drawingsy and as described in the following specilication.

' `Fignrel of these drawingsrep'esents a view' of the entire apparatus ormachine'; Fig. 2,the retort with a pipe and stop-cock, m, attached .tothe lower end'andainovable cover, sv, at

the top; Fig. 3, the gas receiver, which is placed within the refrigerator and upper condenser,f Fi gs. 4 and 5,the skeleton cylinder or iron basket in which the wood isconveyed to the retort; Fig. 6, part of the furnace or fire nues Z Z around the retort.

,InFign 1, au a a represent the .base or foundation; l), .the furnace `in which the re is placed; c, the cylindrical part of the furnace, in which the dues] Z are constructed to conduct the flame and heat around the retort; d, the lower'end of the retort (the tunnel part of which is fixed below the fireplace to prevent its being toov highly heated and burning the taror -residuuxn which falls into it) and the ipeleading froin it to the stop-cock m,where yhe tar is discharged; e, the top of the retort or movable cover rr,- f, the refrigerator and upper condenser inclosing the gasreceiver; g, the lower condenser and worm-pipe n; 7 1, the pipe for conducting theincondensable gas from the upper condenser to the firefnrnace,where it'is used as fuel; t', the main pipe conveying the vapor froni the retort to the condensers, in

which is fixed the stop-cock 7.'.

rllheinodc of o cratin the a aratus or ma` v g. D

chineldescribc as follows: Iprepare the wood in pieces of-suitablc size, equal, say, to one and one'half to 'two'inches square a'nd from twelve to eighteen inches long. These pieces are placed in the skeleton receiver, Figs. 4 and 5,01` iron basket,in a vertical position,or nearly. so, and as close together as may be convenient. llhe basket and: wood are then placed in the rej tort by a crane and chain or other suitable fron'ithe retort as they are thrown 0E froml the A wood. After closing the cover of the retort the st-op-cock m in. the pipe leading from the lower end of the retortis closed,and the stop cock k in Ithe main pipe i, leading from the opened. The lire is then lapplied in the furnace and a gradual heat maintained, say,fron1 six to ten hours,or long enough to extract the volatile substance .from the wood, which substance or gases-honi the nood is conveyed throughv the pipe fi and stop-cock lr, Fig. l', to the refrigerator or condc11serf,where, by condensation, the condensable Aportion of the va por is separated and conveyed into the lower condenser, g, through the worrnpipe a, Fig. 1to a proper discharge. The oil or spirit thus discharged is turpentine-the principal object of the apparatus. The incondensable y portion of the vapor or gas contained in the condenserf lis conveyed through the pipe hto i the lre-furnace,where it'is consumed as fuel. After the volatile matter has been extracted from the wood,which is-indicated by a change of color of the oil 'or spirits of turpentine issuing from the still-pipe a in the lower condenser, (from a light to a brown or dark colon) the stop-.cock 1c in the main pipe t' is closed and the stop-cock min,v the pipe leading from the lower end of the retort is opened. At this stage of the operation the' fire in the furnace.

may be increased for the purpose of sufficiently charring the wood remaining in the retort to extract the tar from it,wl1ich passes off through the pipe and stop-cock m',which leads fromthe bott-0in vor lower end ot' the retort. The scc'- ond condenser is not absolutely necessary to the working of the machine, but is preferable retort to the refrigeratoror condenser f, is

to a single condenser or refrigerator, and is recommended as producing a purer extract, spirit, or oil of -turpentine than would be produced by a single refrigerator or condenser.

,the several parts of said apparatus I "claim and use in combination with each other for the purpose of extracting oil or spirits of turpentine directly from wood and saving the residuum or tar from the sainein the manner and as set forth and representedv iii the draw-4 ings hereto attached, and substantially as described in the above speciication.

2. The retort with the open cone-shaped bottom, constructed and operating as herein set forth and described.

. SETH L. COLE.

Vitnesses:

EDWARD SMITH, JOHN B. HOLLENBECK. 

